{"id":3111,"date":"2019-05-03T14:07:22","date_gmt":"2019-05-03T07:07:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/?p=3111"},"modified":"2023-12-19T14:46:16","modified_gmt":"2023-12-19T07:46:16","slug":"tinh-hai-lan-so-magic-cua-hat-nhan-78ni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/tinh-hai-lan-so-magic-cua-hat-nhan-78ni\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ednh hai-l\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 Magic c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n 78Ni"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u00ednh hai-l\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u201cMagic\u201d c\u1ee7a <sup>78<\/sup>Ni \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nature ng\u00e0y 2\/5\/2019, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam (VINATOM).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-14156\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/03.5.19.1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"526\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/03.5.19.1.jpg 526w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/03.5.19.1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/03.5.19.1-150x112.jpg 150w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/03.5.19.1-80x60.jpg 80w, https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/03.5.19.1-265x198.jpg 265w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 526px) 100vw, 526px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh M\u1eabu v\u1ecf, proton v\u00e0 n\u01a1-tron trong h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp, chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o ri\u00eang gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c electron trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed. H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cMagic\u201d khi s\u1ed1 proton ho\u1eb7c n\u01a1-tron v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1ecf. S\u1ed1 Magic n\u00e0y l\u00e0 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82 v\u00e0 126. Khi \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 hai-l\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 Magic khi c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 proton v\u00e0 n\u01a1 tron l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean. Ch\u00fang th\u1eadm tr\u00ed c\u00f2n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u1eabu v\u1ecf (Shell-model) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh v\u00e0 coi nh\u01b0 \u201cs\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n b\u1ec1n. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a M\u00e1y gia t\u1ed1c gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n c\u00f3 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch proton\/n\u01a1-tron l\u1edbn, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n gi\u00e0u proton ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e0u n\u01a1-tron, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp v\u1ecf trong c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi M\u1eabu v\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n <sup>78<\/sup>Ni c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 proton l\u00e0 28, s\u1ed1 n\u01a1-tron 50, nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 14 n\u01a1-tron so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb b\u1ec1n n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nikel l\u00e0 <sup>64<\/sup>Ni. Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a <sup>78<\/sup>Ni l\u00e0 2.6 MeV, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c k\u00edch th\u00edch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 2.9 MeV, kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n. \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n t\u00ednh hai-l\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 Magic c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n <sup>78<\/sup>Ni. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y m\u1edbi l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p quan tr\u1ecdng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh M\u1eabu v\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u H\u00f3a L\u00fd RIKEN, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea1i <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-019-1155-x\">https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-019-1155-x<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>L\u00ea Xu\u00e2n Chung, Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u00ednh hai-l\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u201cMagic\u201d c\u1ee7a 78Ni \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nature ng\u00e0y 2\/5\/2019, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam (VINATOM). &nbsp; &nbsp; Theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh M\u1eabu v\u1ecf, proton v\u00e0 n\u01a1-tron trong h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14156,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,26,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3111","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-thong-tin-khoa-hoc","category-tin-tong-hop","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3111","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3111"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3111\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14158,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3111\/revisions\/14158"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14156"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3111"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3111"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3111"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}