<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c l<\/em>\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng AP1000 t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Sanmen<\/em>,<\/em> Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/em><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Harmony c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (World Nuclear Association) \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c\u00a0 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 25% nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n gia t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y m\u1edbi h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 1 gigawatt (Gwe) t\u1eeb 7 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 30 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. Trong cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng 30 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi m\u1ed7i n\u0103m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. V\u1eady, ng\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi n\u00f3 \u0111ang \u1edf trong th\u1ebf g\u1eafn b\u00f3 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u0169 v\u00e0 m\u1edbi?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7t ra trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f2n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n th\u1ebf. Theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng MIT (MIT Energy Initiative), c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 di\u1ec5n ra trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n quy ho\u1ea1ch, c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. T\u1eebng tr\u1ea3i qua th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ho\u00e0ng kim v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 nh\u01b0ng sau nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 trong v\u00e0i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do ch\u1ee7 quan v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ngo\u00e0i ng\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1edbi v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (Gen I) cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 (Gen IV) ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 hai (Gen II). \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 ba v\u00e0 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn (Gen III v\u00e0 III +) c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n. Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 IV (The Generation IV International Forum GIF), m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi, \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n nh\u1ea5t cho hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u k\u00edn, l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng mu\u1ed1i n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng si\u00eau t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00e9p k\u00edn l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 uranium v\u00e0 plutonium t\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a plutonium t\u1edbi n\u01a1i ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed xuy\u00ean bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u k\u00edn. D\u00f9 \u0111ang th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chu tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u1eabn \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u m\u1edf, v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, Hoa K\u1ef3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean phong c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng neutron nhanh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng natri cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n n\u00e0y do nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n). M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, Nga v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u k\u00edn cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Gen IV ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e1i x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Gen IV m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tin c\u1eady, an to\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t sinh chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u0169 v\u00e0 m\u1edbi<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1edbi khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 Gen IV s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng 30 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p: gia h\u1ea1n tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 gia h\u1ea1n gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p cho c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi; ra m\u1eaft c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 Gen III v\u00e0 III + n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 trung h\u1ea1n; x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Gen IV trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n (2020-2030)<\/em><\/strong>. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 450 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 400.000 megawatt \u0111i\u1ec7n (Mwe). Nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 II v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 30 \u0111\u1ebfn 40 n\u0103m \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c gia h\u1ea1n gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p. T\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, 86 trong s\u1ed1 99 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia h\u1ea1n gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean t\u1edbi 60 n\u0103m, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1eddi gian l\u00ean t\u1edbi 80 n\u0103m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c gia h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 an to\u00e0n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh kinh t\u1ebf trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, Ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng \u0111ang theo \u0111u\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cho nh\u00f3m l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00eam 10 n\u0103m (theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh Grand Car\u00e9nage c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c Ph\u00e1p EDF).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p gia t\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh cho 214 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 200.368 Mwe, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 qua 30 \u0111\u1ebfn 40 n\u0103m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, thay v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda ch\u00fang s\u1ebd gi\u00fap n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u00eam s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng qua cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 thay th\u1ebf m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u0169 l\u1ee5t, th\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec di\u1ec5n ra trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i cho th\u1ea5y, \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 kho\u1ea3n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00e0o cho \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u0169ng b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed5i, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c n\u00f3 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda s\u1edbm kho\u1ea3ng 20 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u1ea3i ra \u00edt carbon h\u01a1n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ea7n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda s\u1edbm v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2025. Tuy nhi\u00ean \u1edf Nga, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb trung h\u1ea1n (2025-2040).<\/em><\/strong> Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y than hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi. Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 8 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. Do v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a 30 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1ed7i n\u0103m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng, gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1edbi. So v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Hoa K\u1ef3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 r\u1ed1i r\u1eafm h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng hai l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb9 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u1edf Nam Carolina \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf x\u00f3 v\u00ec chi ph\u00ed t\u0103ng, s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng… Westinghouse, nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n trong khi hai d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n R\u00fat nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u0110\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 kinh ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb chi ph\u00ed c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, chi ph\u00ed cho R&D c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chi ph\u00ed d\u00e0nh cho l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ed1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n kinh ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 trong c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1edfng cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi s\u1ebd h\u1eefu \u00edch, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00e0y, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m sau n\u00e0y khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a b\u1edfi sau tai n\u1ea1n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Fukushima, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1ed1p v\u00e0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi, b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 x\u00e2y hai l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u01a1m, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n diesel ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean khu v\u1ef1c cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00ean thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 xung quanh vi\u1ec7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c cho ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00ean h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n; m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c nhau; khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n (2040-2050).<\/em><\/strong> Theo Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Gen IV, trong c\u00e1c khung th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Gen IV s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi. Song song v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean uranium t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed7i Gwe \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb9 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 75 t\u1ea5n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u uranium v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh BN-1200 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Nga ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n 4 t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p. May m\u1eafn l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf \u1edf Nga v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho h\u1ecd theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh quy m\u00f4 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i trong v\u00f2ng t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 20 n\u0103m t\u1edbi. Nga c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng natri ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, BN-1200 v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 1.200 Mwe, v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2032. Trung Qu\u1ed1c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 CFR 1000 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 1.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 1.200 Mwe, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u0169ng \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ed1n l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n. Ph\u00e1p \u0111ang c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00e1i gia nh\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u0169ng \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u00f4-\u0111un nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n nh\u1ea5t cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Gen IV. NuScale, l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u00f4-\u0111un nh\u1ecf, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban ph\u00e1p quy h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3. M\u1ed9t khi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadt l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t, nh\u1eb1m r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u00f4-\u0111un nh\u1ecf \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e9p k\u00edn. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng mu\u1ed1i n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, d\u1eabu c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch xa m\u1ed1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Do c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y than, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00ean h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo song song v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o nh\u01b0ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng 30 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1ed7i n\u0103m s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i carbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra trong Th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn Paris.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Bi\u00ean t\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i: Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Thu H\u00e0, Ban K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd khoa h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n * Chantell Murphy: chuy\u00ean gia t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p sau ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh an ninh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i CISAC, ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc New Mexico.<\/p>\n * Vasily Safonov, tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c gia MEPhI (Vi\u1ec7n K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eadt l\u00fd Matxc\u01a1va).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Chantell Murphy, Vasily Safonov \u0110\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u00edt ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i carbon, s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. Trong cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1y […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3571,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3569","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tong-hop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3569","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3569"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3569\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3569"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3569"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3569"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/NPP.jpg\")
<\/em><\/p>\n