{"id":4045,"date":"2019-10-15T08:46:54","date_gmt":"2019-10-15T01:46:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/?p=4045"},"modified":"2019-10-15T08:46:54","modified_gmt":"2019-10-15T01:46:54","slug":"bau-troi-ha-noi-bi-o-nhiem-bui-ho-hap-tu-luc-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/bau-troi-ha-noi-bi-o-nhiem-bui-ho-hap-tu-luc-nao\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1eeb l\u00fac n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>1. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong m\u1ea5y tu\u1ea7n nay, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i m\u1ecbn \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9t xu\u1ea5t, khi\u1ebfn d\u00e2n ch\u00fang lo l\u1eafng, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng, \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, tr\u1ea5n an v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eadt b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t sinh kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nguy c\u01a1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u1ee5i m\u1ecbn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 2,5 micromet (PM2,5) v\u00e0 t\u1eeb 2,5 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 micromet (PM10) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0o c\u01a1 quan h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, g\u00e2y c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 m\u00e3n t\u00ednh, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ee5i h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p. N\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng m\u00f9a thu H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb9p tr\u1eddi l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 l\u00fac d\u00e2n ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t nguy c\u01a1 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi mong \u0111\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1edbm v\u1ec1 b\u1ee5i m\u1ecbn t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Quay l\u1ea1i 20 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ea5p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i) trong n\u0103m 1998-1999 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u201c<em>\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/em>\u201d. Sau \u0111\u00f3 hai n\u0103m 2000-2001 Vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u1ea5p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u201c<em>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p PM-10 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1<\/em>\u201d. B\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1edf t\u1ea7ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t (g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 tr\u1ea1m \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e0i kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ef7 v\u0103n L\u00e1ng) qua c\u00e1c m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc chu\u1ea9n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1t x\u00f4n-kh\u00ed c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ee5i h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c ph\u00e9p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp theo t\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9 b\u1ee5i n\u00e0y. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu theo th\u1eddi gian trong m\u1ed7i m\u00f9a, m\u1ed7i n\u0103m v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m x\u1ea3y ra c\u00f3 quy lu\u1eadt l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i theo th\u1eddi gian, m\u00f9a v\u1ee5 trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. D\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 ra, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft ra sao. C\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p nghi\u1ec7m thu \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao, s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, xem t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf <em>Atmospheric and Environment (Kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng)<\/em> t\u1eadp 36, trang 3473, n\u0103m 2002 v\u00e0 t\u1eadp 36, trang 189, n\u0103m 2004 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 nh\u01b0: Ph\u1ea1m Duy Hi\u1ec3n, V\u01b0\u01a1ng Thu B\u1eafc, Ho\u00e0ng Chung Th\u1ea9m, \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0110\u1ee9c Nh\u1eadn, v.v.). N\u0103m 2011, V\u01b0\u01a1ng Thu B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n 10 n\u0103m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn \u00e1n ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 [1].<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y tr\u00edch v\u00e0i s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 minh h\u1ecda. Trong H\u00ecnh 1, tr\u1ee5c tung l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1eafc t\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1m chu\u1ea9n g\u1ea7n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i PM2,5 t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng \u00b5g\/m3 v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c ho\u00e0nh ghi di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian trong m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m t\u1eeb 1998 \u0111\u1ebfn 2009.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4047\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/15.10.19.1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"341\" \/>H\u00ecnh 1: <em>Di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee5i h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p quan tr\u1eafc t\u1ea1i Tr\u1ea1m kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng L\u00e1ng <\/em>[1].<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f9a trong n\u0103m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n d\u01b0\u1edbi 40 \u00b5g\/m3, nh\u01b0ng ri\u00eang nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m th\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ean 80 \u00b5g\/m3, c\u1eadn k\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng tr\u1eddi \u00edt m\u01b0a, \u0111\u00eam l\u1ea1nh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecbch nhi\u1ec7t, t\u1ee9c tr\u00ean n\u00f3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1ea1nh, ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n b\u1ee5i h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p b\u1ed1c l\u00ean cao v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n pha lo\u00e3ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y. Khi\u00a0 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, h\u01a1i \u1ea9m ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e2m b\u1ee5i t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00e0n s\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn qu\u00e1 gi\u1eefa tr\u01b0a, khi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn xa b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m khi quan s\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 cao t\u1ea7ng. Xin \u0111\u1eebng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa b\u1ee9c m\u00e0n tr\u1eafng m\u1edd n\u00e0y v\u1edbi m\u00e0n s\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1edbm th\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng bay l\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t h\u1ed3 T\u00e2y ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean tri\u1ec1n n\u00fai chi\u1ec1u t\u00e0 T\u00e2y B\u1eafc! C\u0169ng theo c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean, b\u1ee5i PM2,5 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ammonium, sulphate, tro bay v.v. \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb xa; ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ee5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, b\u1ee5i t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 do \u0111\u1ed1t r\u01a1m r\u1ea1. B\u1ee5i PM10 c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u x\u00f4n-kh\u00ed ammonium v\u00e0 sulphate, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n x\u00f4n-kh\u00ed t\u1eeb mu\u1ed1i bi\u1ec3n, tro bay t\u1eeb xa v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 b\u1ee5i tro t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1t than t\u1ed5 ong v.v. \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ngay t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u00e0 t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i x\u0103ng xe, \u0111\u1ed1t than t\u1ed5 ong, \u0111\u1ed1t r\u01a1m r\u1ea1 v.v. c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb xa do c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n than v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c d\u00f9ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch, b\u1ee5i \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 x\u00f4n &#8211; kh\u00ed bi\u1ec3n v.v.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u00fd ki\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec qu\u00e1 m\u1edbi l\u1ea1 so v\u1edbi \u00a0k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u 10 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u 20 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111ang \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m KH&amp;CN Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u1eady b\u00e1o c\u00e1o khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7m thu g\u1ea7n 20 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc nay \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? Ai \u0111ang \u201cc\u1ea5t ch\u00fang v\u00e0o ng\u0103n k\u00e9o\u201d nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta t\u1eebng nghe d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, khi cho r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 q\u00faa xa v\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng cho th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng! Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady: c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nay \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3 n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Th\u1eadt ra ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i m\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, b\u1edfi c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u khoa h\u1ecdc lu\u00f4n c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh theo th\u1eddi gian. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh k\u1ebf th\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, gi\u00e0u \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c c\u0169 v\u1eeba kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec gi\u1edd, ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111i ti\u00ean phong.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u00ec v\u1eady tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i m\u1edbi, ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tham kh\u1ea3o v\u00e0 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ngay, \u0111\u1ec3 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 \u00edch s\u1edbm h\u01a1n cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. M\u00e0 \u201ccu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng\u201d trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fang theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ed7i b\u0103n kho\u0103n lo l\u1eafng, l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n c\u01b0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111ang h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ecbu \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p trong m\u00f9a ngh\u1ecbch nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e1ng 9 th\u00e1ng 10 v\u1eeba qua.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00ean l\u00e0m v\u00e0 thay l\u1eddi k\u1ebft, t\u00f4i xin tr\u00edch nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u1ea5p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc su\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 20 n\u0103m qua v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m t\u1eaft trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u [1] v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean v\u0103n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>C\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 quan tr\u1eafc v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i cho th\u1ea5y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u1ea3 \u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea7n nhanh ch\u00f3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ee5i PM2.5 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho quan tr\u1eafc v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i theo kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb c\u1ee7a \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u lan truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea7m xa, s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i.<\/li>\n<li>Ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng mang t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3i g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n h\u01b0: h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng than t\u1ed5 ong \u0111un n\u1ea5u trong c\u00e1c khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0; th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u00e1c xe t\u1ea3i ch\u1edf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng; gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c xe c\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng; nghi\u00eam c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1t r\u01a1m r\u1ea1\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mong l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd l\u1eafng nghe \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00fang theo vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00ean phong d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng theo d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn xa s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc trong cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng 4.0 s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i t\u1eeb g\u1ea7n 20 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, xin m\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc tham kh\u1ea3o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[1] V\u01b0\u01a1ng Thu B\u1eafc, <em>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u00e0i to\u00e1n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i PM-10<\/em>. Lu\u1eadn \u00e1n ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i-2011.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>V\u00f5 V\u0103n Thu\u1eadn,\u00a0Chuy\u00ean gia Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p &nbsp; Trong m\u1ea5y tu\u1ea7n nay, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i m\u1ecbn \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9t xu\u1ea5t, khi\u1ebfn d\u00e2n ch\u00fang lo l\u1eafng, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4047,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4045","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tong-hop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4045","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4045"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4045\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4045"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4045"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4045"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}