{"id":4844,"date":"2020-03-13T14:24:20","date_gmt":"2020-03-13T07:24:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/?p=4844"},"modified":"2020-03-13T14:24:20","modified_gmt":"2020-03-13T07:24:20","slug":"nuoc-co-tao-bao-dung-nang-luong-hat-nhan-nhu-mot-giai-phap-thay-the-phap-da-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/nuoc-co-tao-bao-dung-nang-luong-hat-nhan-nhu-mot-giai-phap-thay-the-phap-da-dung\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1edd t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o: D\u00f9ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf. Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fang"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n than v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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$\"\"$ M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. \u1ea2nh: Civaux-communication – Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, <\/em>https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=48034094<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

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Hi\u1ec7n nay, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (hay ph\u00e2n h\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n) \u0111ang cung c\u1ea5p 14% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi 450 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 52 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. N\u0103m 2019, b\u1ed1n l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nga v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c. \u00a0D\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200b15 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1ebd kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh trong n\u0103m nay n\u1eb1m t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia: Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Nga, Belarus, Slvoakia v\u00e0 C\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c \u1ea2 R\u1eadp Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

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C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f3 tin, nh\u01b0ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng CO2 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi \u00edt h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO2 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 tai n\u1ea1n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf Chernobyl v\u00e0 Fukushima. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. N\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u201ct\u00e1i sinh\u201d uranium v\u00e0 thorium c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn th\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

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Theo nguy\u00ean l\u00fd, 1 kg uranium gi\u00e0u trong c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb9 (LWR) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 150.000 kg than. M\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf uranium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ra 1 kg uranium t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 1 tri\u1ec7u kg than). T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf thorium .<\/p>\n

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C\u00e1ch m\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi\u00a0 \u201cc\u01a1n s\u1ed1t\u201d d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<\/strong><\/h4>\n
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Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch?<\/strong><\/p>\n
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Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 75-80% nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
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Ng\u00e0y nay, kho\u1ea3ng 75% \u00a0l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p \u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Do \u0111\u00f3, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i CO2 tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t ra c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u1edd v\u00e0o kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng thay th\u1ebf.\u201d<\/p>\n
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Trong b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1974, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u00e1p Pierre Messmer \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ebd ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m bi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cx\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng\u201d c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c gia. \u00d4ng th\u1eb3ng th\u1eebng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1: \u201cPh\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u01b0u \u00e1i ban cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 x\u0103ng d\u1ea7u, tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng than \u1edf Ph\u00e1p \u00edt h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi Anh v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u00a0kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng H\u00e0 Lan. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 hi v\u1ecdng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u00e0nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7y tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng n\u00e0y\u201d<\/p>\n
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Sau K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Messmer, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, 44 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi hai m\u1eabu c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 900 v\u00e0 1300 MW \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 7 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n
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T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 7% – 75% trong ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y 15 n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb 1975. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t li\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n
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$\"\"$ Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Pierre Messmer \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1974, m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau \u201cc\u00fa s\u1ed1c\u201d thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t d\u1ea7u, \u00f4ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u1ea2nh: AFP \/ STF<\/em><\/p>\n
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B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p sau \u201cc\u00fa s\u1ed1c\u201d thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf n\u0103m 1973?<\/strong><\/p>\n
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T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, n\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO2 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 h\u00e3o huy\u1ec1n, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n- l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfm 40% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i CO2 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
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Nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/h4>\n
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Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng may, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac nh\u1eefng phong tr\u00e0o k\u00eau g\u1ecdi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n than v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n
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Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u00ec c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO2 \u00a0t\u1eeb h\u01a1n n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y \u00c2u.<\/p>\n
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M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u lo ng\u1ea1i xung quanh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n – nh\u1eefng nh\u00ecn chung s\u1ef1 b\u00e0i x\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u00fd.<\/p>\n
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T\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, l\u1ebd ra sau c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 tai n\u1ea1n x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf Chernobyl (1986) v\u00e0 Fukushima (2011), ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean nghi\u00eam t\u00fac xem x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n thay v\u00ec c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng k\u00ecm h\u00e3m s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
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T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Der Spiegel t\u1eebng tr\u00edch d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m cho r\u1eb1ng: So v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch, chi ph\u00ed kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Chernobyl v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tai n\u1ea1n do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf b\u1edfi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o lu\u00f4n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 350.000 tuabin gi\u00f3 \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u00e1c th\u00e1p tuabin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n 100 m\u00e9t so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean r\u1eb1ng tai n\u1ea1n s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n \u201cr\u00ecnh r\u1eadp\u201d trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n
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C\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea b\u1edfi National Wind Watch cho th\u1ea5y con s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 lu\u00f4n \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng tai n\u1ea1n. Th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 cho nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i r\u1ecf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n
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C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd b\u1edfi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ee7 nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lu\u00f4n \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n
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Tin vui \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Nam t\u01b0\u1edbc Bryony Worthington, \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1n Quy lu\u1eadt Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1edf Anh v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ef9 B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng mu\u1ed1i n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n
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Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/h4>\n
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N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7y th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed1i t\u00e2n nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ea1ch. Th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2u n\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II v\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n
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Ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950 v\u00e0 1960. Nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cthai ngh\u00e9n\u201d \u1edf gia \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
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Ng\u00e0y nay, ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00f2 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00f3i quen.\u00a0 Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, trong nh\u01b0ng n\u0103m 1950 v\u00e0 1960, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf lu\u00f4n song h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
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\u1ede th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u00f9ng cho t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3 nh\u01b0ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n sang s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i b\u1edfi , h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb9 (LWR). Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 l\u00f2 t\u00e1i sinh nhanh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3.<\/p>\n
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Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i, LWR l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c th\u00ec l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m b\u1edfi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho s\u1ef1 c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng LWR m\u00e0 l\u00e0 do thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t kinh ph\u00ed d\u00e0nh cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o b\u1ebf t\u1eafc v\u00ec ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a LWR. \u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n
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Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch: Tr\u1ea7n Thi\u1ec7n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Anh & Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1ecb Thu Trang, Ban KH&QLKH<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n than v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. \u1ea2nh: Civaux-communication – Own work, CC BY-SA […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4845,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4844","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-quoc-te"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4844","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4844"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4844\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4844"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4844"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4844"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}