{"id":4932,"date":"2020-03-31T15:31:40","date_gmt":"2020-03-31T08:31:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/?p=4932"},"modified":"2020-03-31T15:31:40","modified_gmt":"2020-03-31T08:31:40","slug":"dai-dich-covid-19-goc-nhin-tu-vat-ly-va-sinh-hoc-cau-truc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/dai-dich-covid-19-goc-nhin-tu-vat-ly-va-sinh-hoc-cau-truc\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19: G\u00f3c nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb ph\u00eda c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u0103m 2020 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed khi to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19, m\u1ed9t th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 2. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang g\u1ed3ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch, huy \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf, qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, y t\u1ebf\u2026 c\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc (NCKH).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4933\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/31.3.20.2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"449\" \/>Nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Vi\u1ec7n V\u1ec7 sinh d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu virus SARS-CoV 2 tr\u00ean kinh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (TEM). Ngu\u1ed3n: NIHE<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XXI, nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m nguy hi\u1ec3m g\u00e2y b\u1edfi virus. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch vi\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ea5p SARS n\u0103m 2003 ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i 29 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1edbi 8.422 ca nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 774 ca t\u1eed vong, \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch c\u00fam A\/H<\/span><sub style=\"text-align: justify;\">1<\/sub><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">N<\/span><sub style=\"text-align: justify;\">1<\/sub><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0n\u0103m 2009 l\u00e2y lan to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 200 tri\u1ec7u ca nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n 600 ca t\u1eed vong, h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng vi\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ea5p Trung \u0110\u00f4ng MERS n\u0103m 2012 t\u1ea1i 26 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi 1.218 ca nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 450 ca t\u1eed vong, d\u1ecbch Ebola n\u0103m 2014 \u1edf ch\u00e2u Phi v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 28 ngh\u00ecn ca nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 11 ngh\u00ecn ca t\u1eed vong, d\u1ecbch virus Zika n\u0103m 2015-2016 g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf \u1edf tr\u1ebb em v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 1,5 tri\u1ec7u ca nhi\u1ec5m. V\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2020 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19 do virus SARS-CoV-2, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng virus corona t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee7ng virus \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y d\u1ecbch SARS v\u00e0 MERS tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, g\u00e2y ra. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb sau \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch c\u00fam T\u00e2y Ban Nha n\u0103m 1918-1920, ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 ca nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong v\u00ec m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng nhanh \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u1edf quy m\u00f4 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u1ed7i khi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c NCKH lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t y sinh h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh, gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 kit ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhanh virus, nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y lan. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f9ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf ra thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 vaccine ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u1edbi gian v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u1ecb hay vaccine ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng NCKH n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7ng virus m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac virus SARS-CoV-2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">SARS-CoV- 2 l\u00e0 t\u00ean vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7ng virus corona m\u1edbi g\u00e2y h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng vi\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ea5p n\u1eb7ng (<em>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2<\/em>), \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i virus RNA s\u1ee3i \u0111\u01a1n, c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 80-150 nm. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u di truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 RNA, c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 27-32 kilobases, l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i virus RNA \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc b\u1edfi nucleocapsid cu\u1ed9n th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c. Theo ti\u1ebfng Latin, ch\u1eef \u201ccorona\u201d trong t\u00ean virus c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cv\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec7n\u201d. Quan s\u00e1t d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed truy\u1ec1n qua (TEM), xung quanh h\u1ea1t virus c\u00f3 c\u00e1c gai (protein S) bao b\u1ecdc gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfc v\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u1eef ho\u00e0ng. Nh\u00ecn chung, h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a SARS-CoV-2 c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee7ng virus corona kh\u00e1c g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, SARS-CoV-2 g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19 l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u0111ang cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 NCKH g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng SARS-CoV-2 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt r\u1eafn [1]. Khi c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u01b0 mi\u1ec7ng hay m\u0169i, ch\u00fang nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ea3m th\u1ee5, nh\u00e2n l\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. H\u00ecnh 1 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i 3D v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac 2D c\u1ee7a virus SARS-CoV-2. Trong \u0111\u00f3, protein S v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u223c150 kDa (1Da=1\/12 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed\u00a0<sup>12<\/sup>C) c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c g\u1eafn k\u1ebft v\u1edbi th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ea3m th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7, c\u00f2n protein M (\u223c25\u201330 kDa) l\u00e0 protein c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u1edbi nucleocapsid \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t virus ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ra kh\u1ecfi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4934\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/31.3.20.3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"626\" height=\"316\" \/>H\u00ecnh 1: M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3D (A) v\u00e0 2D (B) c\u1ee7a virus SARS-CoV-2 [3]<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Theo khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi WHO, virus SARS-CoV-2 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebft b\u1eafn ra t\u1eeb khoang mi\u1ec7ng ho\u1eb7c m\u0169i khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac g\u1ea7n \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi 2 m ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt hay m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh c\u00f3 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebft m\u0169i h\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Sau khi virus \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, ch\u00fang b\u00e1m v\u00e0o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 nh\u1edd protein S g\u1eafn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, sau \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng nucleocapsid c\u1ee7a virus v\u00e0o trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Ngay t\u1ea1i b\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng, RNA s\u1ee3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a virus tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c proteins v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ti\u1ebfp theo, protein N bao b\u1ecdc xung quanh b\u1ea3n sao RNA n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh nucleocapsid, trong khi c\u00e1c protein kh\u00e1c (M, S, HE\u2026) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 g\u1eafn tr\u00ean m\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1edbi n\u1ed9i b\u00e0o c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t (rER). Nucleocapsid c\u1ee7a virus ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n t\u1edbi m\u00e0ng rER v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ngay m\u00e0ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 cu\u1ed9n l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t virus ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh (H\u00ecnh 2). C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t virus n\u1ea3y ch\u1ed3i v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0o, c\u00e1c khoang ch\u1ee9a virus ti\u1ebfn ra s\u00e1t m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng virus ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c chu tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n l\u00ean ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4935\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/31.3.20.4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"410\" \/><em>H\u00ecnh 2: H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a virus SARS-CoV-2 ch\u1ed3i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khoang c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o (Va). C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i t\u00ean tr\u1eafng ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t virus [2]<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n l\u00ean c\u1ee7a virus tr\u00ean t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u1ecb c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vaccine ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 protein phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1edfi virus n\u00e0y v\u1eabnc\u00f2n ch\u01b0a r\u00f5, n\u00ean hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean tr\u00ean t\u1ebf b\u00e0o [3].<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t virus<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>SARS-CoV-2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y lan nhanh ch\u00f3ng gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng theo c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng virus corona n\u00f3i chung nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, dung m\u00f4i h\u00f2a tan lipid nh\u01b0 ete hay chloroform; pH th\u1ea5p hay tia c\u1ef1c t\u00edm. Ngo\u00e0i ra, virus g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 SARS-CoV-2 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 sinh s\u1ea3n hay nh\u00e2n l\u00ean m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7, ch\u00fang c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp dung d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebft h\u1ea7u h\u1ecdng, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y virus&#8230; Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, SARS-CoV-2 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p y t\u1ebf khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 vaccine \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n SARS-CoV-2, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0: nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng virus trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ed9 gene c\u1ee7a virus, v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a virus [4]. Tuy nhi\u00ean, cho d\u00f9 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 quan nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng cho t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng n\u0103m n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ebfn khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, do thu\u1ed1c hay v\u1eafc xin ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a V\u1eadt l\u00fd trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vir<\/strong><strong>us<\/strong><strong>SARS-CoV-2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gene v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a virus, vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a virus v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ed1c hay vaccine c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb COVID-19 v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac (SHCT) \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. SHCT nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u virus b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p vi m\u00f4 nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u1eed enzyme virus m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed n\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sinh h\u00f3a x\u1ea3y ra khi virus trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ed1c hay v\u1eafc xin th\u1eed. Trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u1eadt l\u00fd, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u00ecn nguy\u00ean t\u1eed C\u00e1c bon (C), Ni t\u01a1 (N), \u00d4 xy (O) v\u00e0 L\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh (S) li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u1edbi nhau trong protease (enzyme th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n protein) c\u1ee7a virus, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed (molecular dynamics) m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1edbn. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u SHCT trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eadt l\u00fd nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec5u x\u1ea1 tia X (X-ray diffraction) hay k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (EM)\u2026<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4936\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/31.3.20.5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"289\" \/>H\u00ecnh 3: B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 photon (t\u1eeb vi s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn tia X n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb ch\u00f9m electron \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia t\u1ed1c theo h\u01b0\u1edbng vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u00e1y gia t\u1ed1c synchrotron. B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 t\u1eeb h\u00e3m (magnetobremsstralung). Minh h\u1ecda l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb Wikipedia.\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Theo d\u00f2ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u1eadt l\u00fd lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t cho SHCT [5], t\u1eeb k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ebfn EM v\u00e0 k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u1ea1nh (Cryo-EM),\u00a0m\u00e1y quang ph\u1ed5 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n NMR \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 \u0111o nhi\u1ec5u x\u1ea1 tia X (X-ray diffraction)\u2026 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 y sinh h\u1ecdc, gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i virus g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac xo\u1eafn k\u00e9p DNA, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n qua ph\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec5u x\u1ea1 tia X c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Nhi\u1ec5u x\u1ea1 tia X l\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111o t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 ch\u00f9m photon tia X v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0i keV \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c keV tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u hay m\u1eabu ph\u1ea9m sinh h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng photon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn sao cho \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu \u0111o. Hi\u1ec7n nay, v\u1edbi tia X c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng l\u1edbn ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u00f9m electron \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia t\u1ed1c trong t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a synchrotron (H\u00ecnh 3), nh\u1eefng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec5u x\u1ea1 tia X c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t nhanh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao. Ng\u00e0y 5\/2\/2020, sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi b\u00f9ng d\u1ecbch \u1edf V\u0169 H\u00e1n, nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 thu\u1ed9c Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea3i l\u00ean Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u protein c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac protease ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a SARS-CoV-2 do b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec5u x\u1ea1 tia X t\u1ea1o ra trong synchrotron c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i (SINAP). V\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y t\u1edbi 0,2 nm, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed C, O, N v\u00e0 S c\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong protease SARS-CoV-2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1edbi 99,5% [6]. Nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u1ecb virus g\u00e2y d\u1ecbch COVID-19. Theo c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u1eadt l\u00fd, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 10 n\u0103m, th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00edt nh\u1ea5t trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103m m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao nh\u01b0 v\u1eady (cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea7n h\u01a1n 4 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a protease HIV g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh AIDS) [5].<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh lan truy\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch COVID-19 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 SHCT \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eadp trung g\u1ea5p v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c virus SARS-CoV-2. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, Qu\u1ef9 khoa h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c gia NSF c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u1eeba quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 g\u1ea5p cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u1edf Khoa v\u1eadt l\u00fd thu\u1ed9c Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p Utah nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u virus SARS-CoV-2 [7]. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a virus corona \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac virus c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap y t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c SARS-CoV-2 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau. Nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh NCKH t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai r\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>L\u1eddi k\u1ebft<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19 c\u00f2n \u0111ang di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi to\u00e0n nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng, phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n y t\u1ebf, du l\u1ecbch, quy ho\u1ea1ch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng\u2026 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m h\u1eadu d\u1ecbch. Hi\u1ec7n nay nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng NCKH c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 SHCT nh\u01b0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m. V\u1edbi\u00a0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng NCKH \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u00f3 b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t, ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0 d\u00e2n l\u1eadp c\u0169ng \u0111ang c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi nhau d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i b\u00e1o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh. H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c NCKH tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c NCKH gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd, sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 y h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu. \u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta (gi\u1edbi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc) ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0 duy trong quy ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng NCKH trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1edbi, sao cho n\u1ec1n khoa h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c gi\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Tr\u1ea7n Quang Huy, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Phenikaa<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u0110\u00e0o Ti\u1ebfn Khoa, Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc &amp; K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: left;\">1.\u00a0https:\/\/www.nih.gov\/news-events\/news-releases\/new-coronavirus-stable-hours-surfaces<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. Nguy\u1ec5n Thanh Th\u1ee7y, Tr\u1ea7n Quang Huy. Atlas virus g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nxb Khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, 2010<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. Fehr and Perlman,\u00a0<\/span><em style=\"text-align: justify;\">Coronaviruses: An Overview of Their Replication and Pathogenesis. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Methods<\/em><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">, Mol. Biol. 2015;\u00a0<\/span><strong style=\"text-align: justify;\">1282<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">: 1\u201323.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">4.\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-020-00798-8<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">5.\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/physicsworld.com\/a\/covid-19-how-physics-is-helping-the-fight-against-the-pandemic\/<\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">6. DOI: 10.2210\/pdb6lu7\/pdb<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">7.\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/attheu.utah.edu\/facultystaff\/covid-19-physics\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>N\u0103m 2020 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed khi to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19, m\u1ed9t th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 2. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4933,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4932","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tong-hop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4932","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4932"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4932\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4932"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4932"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4932"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}