![\"\"](\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/21.5.20.1.jpg\")
<\/a>Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Cruas-Meysse t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p (\u1ea2nh: EDF)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, SFEN nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh Ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 57 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i \u00edt carbon cho kho\u1ea3ng ba ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 250 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i 530 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m. V\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u201cb\u00ecnh \u1ed5n gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n\u201d, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111ang g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n
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\u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n SFEN cho bi\u1ebft, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c Ph\u00e1p (EDF) g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 Grand Car\u00e9nage \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f3t 4 t\u1ef7 EUR (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 4,3 t\u1ef7 USD) m\u1ed7i n\u0103m nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, tuy nhi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n nay vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c kinh t\u1ebf sau \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01a1n c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2020, B\u1ed9 M\u00f4i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u201cm\u1edf c\u1eeda\u201d ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1eeb c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u201cCh\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m Pluri\u201d giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2019-2028.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n SFEN ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9: \u201cVi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2021. Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3\u201d.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t so s\u00e1nh g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Deloitte \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed7i euro \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra 2,5 euro \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a SFEN \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030, m\u1ed7i terawatt \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra t\u1eeb n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p 360 tri\u1ec7u EUR v\u00e0o t\u1ed5ng GDP qu\u1ed1c gia, g\u1ea5p h\u01a1n ba l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3. Ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111ang l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1ng g\u1eddm \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n 70% so v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u1edf qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 6 l\u00f2 pha\u0309n \u1ee9ng \u00e1p l\u01b0\u0323c EPR t\u1ea1i ba khu v\u1ef1c d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00ean 10 gigawatt \u0111i\u1ec7n (GWe), t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 15% m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7n nay. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 Normandy, Hauts de France v\u00e0 Auvergne Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n tham gia d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y. T\u1ed5ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00ean t\u1edbi 2 t\u1ef7 EUR, trong khi ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u01a1n 5 t\u1ef7 EUR m\u1ed7i n\u0103m.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cTri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong h\u01a1n 20 n\u0103m l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp khung th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2021\u201d.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n L\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ra h\u01a1n 220.000 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hay gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 80% c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty tham gia x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng EPR \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c SFEN \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t \u201ckh\u1ea3 quan\u201d so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3, Ph\u00e1p v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i ta\u0301c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed7i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n EPR t\u1ea1o ra 8350 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec 1600 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 60 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c, t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ed5ng doanh thu l\u00ean t\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 47,5 t\u1ef7 EUR.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n D\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1edbi nh\u1eb1m m\u00fac \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. S\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u trong hai th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u201cv\u1eafng b\u00f3ng\u201d c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i “t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p” nh\u1eb1m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y 3 Flanville t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y 3 Olkiluoto \u1edf Ph\u1ea7n Lan. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y, EDF v\u00e0 Framatome \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n cho h\u01a1n 600 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (nuclear-grade level).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n SFEN t\u1ef1 tin v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 3 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh b\u1edfi hai l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng EPR \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i Taishan, Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Flamanville-3 v\u1eeba ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y. Hi\u1ec7n EDF \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng EPR2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1edfi c\u01a1 quan an to\u00e0n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p (Autorit\u00e9 de s\u00fbret\u00e9 nucl\u00e9aire).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i \u00edt Carbon<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i carbon v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u n\u00f3i chung.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1ee6y ban Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ea5p cao (le Haut conseil pour le climat) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: \u201c\u0110\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111ang \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu\u201d. C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u carbon.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Theo Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i \u00edt carbon: L\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i CO2<\/sub> trung b\u00ecnh \u1edf qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n d\u01b0\u1edbi 50g\/kWh, th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 400g\/kWh v\u00e0 Italia \u1edf m\u1ee9c 260g\/kWh. Nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i. Trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb 1980 \u0111\u1ebfn 1985, nh\u1edd v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m 20% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i CO2<\/sub> m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP ch\u1ec9 duy tr\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ee9c 8%. Trong su\u1ed1t 10 n\u0103m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n Fessenheim, qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb 55% xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 10%. Theo SFEN, \u0111\u1ec3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n carbon th\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 kh\u1eed cacbon theo th\u1eddi gian, Ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi. Do t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980 n\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd 60 n\u0103m. Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gia t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ‘cliff-edge effect’ l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y na\u0300y.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n SFEN cho bi\u1ebft th\u00eam: \u201cNgay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf – k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030-2050, th\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi, chi ph\u00ed hay nh\u1eefng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a vi\u00ea\u0323c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa ca\u0301c da\u0323ng nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o (kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c), l\u01b0u tr\u1eef kh\u00ed sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thu gi\u1eef carbon. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u1edbn tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i carbon th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3n b\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 tham chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n\u201d.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t th\u1ea3i ra l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh; t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n sau \u200b\u200bqu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1eadm ch\u1ec5 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, hay tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a New Jersey v\u00e0 New York. Theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u cacbon EUCO30 c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, EU c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng 110 GWe n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft nh\u1eb1m duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng \u201cc\u00fa s\u1ed1c\u201d b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. T\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi t\u1eebng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i SFEN cho bi\u1ebft th\u00eam: \u201cTrong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian qua, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung t\u1eeb n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng\u201d.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u01a1 quan N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng linh ho\u1ea1t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 “tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng” gi\u00fap Ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 \u201cc\u00fa s\u1ed1c thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cc\u00fa s\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t\u201d. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1970, hai ph\u1ea7n ba s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p sinh ra t\u1eeb nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch (than, d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t), nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edd n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, ng\u00e0y nay, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \u1edf m\u1ee9c 7%.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1edfi uranium ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 5% t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ngo\u00e0i ra, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng uranium kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c do r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 40% tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng uranium hi\u1ec7n nay n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c kh\u1ed1i OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn uranium d\u00f9ng trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng qua k\u00ed k\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p s\u1edf h\u1eefu chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng uranium l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng uranium do EDF n\u1eafm gi\u1eef c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng duy tr\u00ec s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong v\u00f2ng hai n\u0103m, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch h\u00e0ng n\u0103m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong v\u00f2ng ch\u01b0a t\u1edbi 6 th\u00e1ng. Qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng uranium t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (10% s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y). Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, Ph\u00e1p \u0111ang s\u1edf h\u1eefu kho d\u1eef tr\u1eef uranium \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e0u th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf uranium t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u00e2\u0323p \u0111oa\u0300n EDF, la\u0300 c\u00f4ng ty ha\u0300ng \u0111\u00e2\u0300u tr\u00ean th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i v\u00ea\u0300 qua\u0309n ly\u0301 ca\u0301c nha\u0300 ma\u0301y \u0111i\u00ea\u0323n ha\u0323t nh\u00e2n, lu\u00f4n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng tin nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nam Phi, C\u00e1c Ti\u1ec3u v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c \u1ea2 R\u1eadp Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, v.v. nh\u1edd kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an to\u00e0n. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Orano v\u00e0 Framatome c\u0169ng \u0111ang d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea cho th\u1ea5y h\u01a1n 50% c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p trong ng\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng 5 t\u1ef7 EUR h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1ed7i n\u0103m.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7n nay, Ph\u00e1p v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 3 ti\u1ebfp theo do thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Rosatom c\u1ee7a Nga li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ky\u0301 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c ca\u0301c h\u01a1\u0323p \u0111\u00f4\u0300ng x\u00e2y d\u01b0\u0323ng ca\u0301c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi trong su\u1ed1t 14 n\u0103m qua v\u00e0 \u0111ang c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 30 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch: Tr\u1ea7n Thi\u1ec7n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Anh, Ban KH&QLKH<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p (SFEN), cam k\u1ebft x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u00e1u l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c (EPR) \u1edf Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ec v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u201cc\u00fa h\u00edch\u201d hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong th\u1eddi k\u00ec kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c sau \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5237,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5236","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tong-hop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5236","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5236"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5236\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5236"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5236"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5236"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}