Khi t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o (NLTT) nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i kinh t\u1ebf h\u1eadu COVID-19 m\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc, c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n NLTT l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p; do v\u1eady, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT (renewable energy targets – RETs<\/em>; v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9^{1<\/sup>, M\u1ef9^{2<\/sup>, ch\u00e2u \u00c2u^{3<\/sup> v\u00e0 \u00dac^{4<\/sup>), trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n n\u00e0o b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m NLTT bao nhi\u00eau tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng NLTT, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t gia t\u0103ng b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi^{5<\/sup>. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y, nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra, ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00fang, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 – theo ngh\u0129a t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 x\u1ea5u – cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (H\u00ecnh 1)<\/em>. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 \u0111a chi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed khi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf NLTT gia t\u0103ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu m\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n}}}}}

$\"\"$ H\u00ecnh 1. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o (a, b) Khi \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4n ngoan v\u00e0 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u00edch c\u1ef1c (a) cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c (b) \u1edf nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00e1c.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u1ede kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, NLTT n\u00f3i chung mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y an ninh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi^{6<\/sup>. T\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i NLTT c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean tr\u00fang nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00edch nh\u1edd \u0111a l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00f9ng l\u00fac. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt do bay h\u01a1i \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi tr\u00ean c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng ngu\u1ed3n thu cho nh\u00e0 n\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u0103ng thu ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y \u01b0a b\u00f3ng. L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n kh\u1ecfi x\u00f3i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng t\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc v\u1eeba t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u1eeba l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m^{7<\/sup> m\u00e0 t\u1ea3o sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n}}

Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n NLTT r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, tri\u1ec3n khai NLTT \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1t sinh xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t hoang d\u00e3 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt^{8<\/sup>. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eb7t c\u00e2y, ph\u00e1t quang \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t NLTT^{9<\/sup> l\u00e0m cho t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng gia t\u0103ng, g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch NLTT l\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean do r\u1eebng b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7i \u0111\u1ed1t, duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong>^{10<\/sup>.<\/p>\n}}}

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 xoay quanh c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u1ec1 NLTT (RETs)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng NLTT l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau mang t\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng NLTT, g\u00e2y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t ngh\u00e8o tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebfu c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT trong m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/strong>. \u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng (PTBV, \u201cSustainable Development Goals \u2013 SDGs<\/em>\u201d), \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 196 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng qua, cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, bao qu\u00e1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch g\u1ed3m 17 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau^{11<\/sup>. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau 7 c\u1ee7a PTBV (\u201cN\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng\u201d), nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c^{12<\/sup>.<\/p>\n}}

D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau PTBV nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb y t\u1ebf c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ra sao m\u1edbi l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i. Nh\u1edd b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ed1n c\u00f3, c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, tuy nhi\u00ean, trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean k\u00e9m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau (ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 80% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3)<\/em>, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn (h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh c\u1ea7n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i; v\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3)<\/em> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta thi\u1ebfu t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o, kh\u00f3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 khi nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau^{14<\/sup>. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e2m l\u00fd, \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 k\u00edch th\u00edch h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang^{13,15<\/sup>, l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u00ean m\u1ea5t c\u00e1c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ban \u0111\u1ea7u khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau^{15,16<\/sup>. Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5, thay v\u00ec gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i c\u00e1cbon v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 gia t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i c\u00e1cbon r\u00f2ng v\u00e0 n\u1ea1n ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng^{17<\/sup>. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ea1nh tay v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecbu b\u1edbt c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng do COVID-19^{18<\/sup> l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c m\u1edbi, d\u1ec5 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebfu kh\u00f4n ngoan. C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng s\u1edbm ph\u00e1t ra t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, nh\u01b0ng t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t di b\u1ea5t d\u1ecbch, kh\u00f4ng linh \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn NLTT th\u00e0nh g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng<\/strong> n\u1ebfu n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u00fac kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong th\u1eddi gian tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3.<\/p>\n}}}}}

H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a NLTT tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf d\u1ec5 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ecbu nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c do ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u00e9m b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3, chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb thu h\u1eb9p tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o sang t\u1eadp trung r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/strong>. Trong c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean \u201cch\u1ed1t\u201d c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh sau khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u1ed3 \u1ea1t c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. California hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 do theo \u0111u\u1ed5i qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT tr\u00ean to\u00e0n ti\u1ec3u bang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec khi t\u0103ng nhu c\u1ea7u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 khi b\u1ed9 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef pin v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu^{9<\/sup>.<\/p>\n}

\u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t minh ch\u1ee9ng thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c cho th\u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u – \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch – m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1eb1ng, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT, n\u00ean coi PTBV l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t chung v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u1ec1 NLTT n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn PTBV. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thay th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c: c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u1ec1 NLTT v\u1edbi \u0111a d\u1ea1ng danh m\u1ee5c, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m ho\u1eb7c khung th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 thu\u1ebf c\u00e1cbon ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1cbon. M\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thay th\u1ebf s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200b\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau PTBV c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan. Sau c\u00f9ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, nh\u01b0ng quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, xem x\u00e9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i quan tr\u1ecdng<\/strong>. Tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111a m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/em>^{20<\/sup>, nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3, th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n}

G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1ec1 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/em>, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/em>, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng^{21<\/sup>, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng^{22<\/sup>. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/em> ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/em> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i, th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao h\u1ecd ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o? C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hay kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang hay kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng m\u01b0u toan v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p v\u00e0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00f3 r\u1eb1ng \u201cch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e2y\u201d^{23<\/sup>? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho nh\u1eefng nghi v\u1ea5n n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u00edt nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp NLTT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1<\/strong>. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 50%, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i 45% hay 55%. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y \u0111ang d\u1eabn d\u1eaft ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n m\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ec7 \u0111i.<\/p>\n}}}

Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT theo c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/em> ho\u1eb7c khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb^{22<\/sup>. N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IFC) \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng (sustainability performance standards)<\/em>^{24<\/sup>. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o NLTT v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi cam k\u1ebft lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c-bon kh\u1ecfi danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n tinh t\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa khi ng\u1eabm ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau li\u00ean quan nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu^{25<\/sup>.<\/p>\n}}}

Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y^{26<\/sup>. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n vi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng, t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c, s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan. Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c<\/strong>, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Trong m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf v\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/em> nh\u1eb1m \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n}

C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp trung m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng; c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf t\u1ea7m l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n – \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT n\u00e0o. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1eadu COVID \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1eaby b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1ebft t\u00ednh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111an xen v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u h\u00f4 h\u00e0o cho chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch, h\u01a1n l\u00e0 gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng can thi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng<\/strong>. C\u1ea7n nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 tua-bin gi\u00f3, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng, l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1n. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch: Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1ecb Thu Trang, Ban KH&QLKH<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n
1. Lakshman, S. PM Modi vows to more than double India\u2019s non-fossil fuel target to 450 GW by 2022. The Hindu https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/energy-and-environment\/prime-minister-narendra-modi-addresses-the-un-climate-summit-in-new-york\/article29492091.ece (2019).
\n2. Barbose, G. et al. Energ. Policy 96, 645\u2013660 (2016).
\n3. Howes, T. The New Climate Policies of the European Union: Internal Legislation and Climate Diplomacy (Acad & Scientific Pub, 2010).
\n4. Warburton, D., Zema, M., Fisher, B. & In\u2019t Veld, S. Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (RET Review Expert Panel, 2014).
\n5. Solomon, B. D. & Krishna, K. Energ. Policy 39, 7422\u20137431 (2011).
\n6. Buonocore, J. J. et al. Nat. Clim. Change 6, 100\u2013105 (2016).
\n7. Burke, M. Relations 6, 87\u2013116 (2018).
\n8. Yenneti, K., Day, R. & Golubchikov, O. Geoforum 76, 90\u201399 (2016).
\n9. Rehbein, J. A. et al. Glob. Change Biol. 26, 3040\u20133051 (2020).
\n10. Kiesecker, J. et al. Front. Environ. Sci. 7, 151 (2019).
\n11. Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in A New Era in Global Health (ed. Rosa, W.) (Springer Publishing Company, 2017).
\n12. Santika, W. G. et al. Energy Res. Soc. Sci. 50, 201\u2013214 (2019).
\n13. Merry, S. E. Curr. Anthropol. 52, S83\u2013S95 (2011).
\n14. Gregory, R. et al. Structured Decision Making: A Practical Guide to Environmental Management Choices (Wiley-Blackwell, 2012).
\n15. Fukuda-Parr, S. J. Hum. Dev. Capabil. 15, 118\u2013131 (2014).
\n16. Barnes, M. D., Glew, L., Wyborn, C. & Craigie, I. D. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 2, 759\u2013762 (2018).
\n17. Searchinger, T. D. et al. Nat. Commun. 9, 3741 (2018).
\n18. Ambrose, J. How renewable energy could power Britain\u2019s economic recovery. The Guardian https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2020\/may\/19\/how-renewable-energy-could-power-britains-economic-recovery (2020).
\n19. Smith, R. & Blunt, K. Why California keeps having blackouts. Wall Street Journal https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/why-california-keeps-having-blackouts-11598198401 (2020).
\n20. Howard, R. A. IEEE Trans. Syst. Sci. Cyber. 4, 211\u2013219 (1968).
\n21. von Stechow, C. et al. Annu. Rev. Env. Resour. 40, 363\u2013394 (2015).
\n22. Bhardwaj, A., Joshi, M., Khosla, R. & Dubash, N. K. Energy Res. Soc. Sci. 49, 143\u2013157 (2019).
\n23. Nathan, H. S. K. Econ. Political Wkly 1, 10\u201314 (2015).
\n24. Performance Standards on Environmental and Social Sustainability (International Finance Corporation, 2012); https:\/\/www.ifc.org\/wps\/wcm\/connect\/Topics_Ext_Content\/IFC_External_Corporate_Site\/Sustainability-At-IFC\/Policies-Standards\/Performance-Standards\/Performance-Standards
\n25. Investors Make Unprecedented Commitment to Net Zero Emissions (UN Environment Programme, 2019); https:\/\/www.unenvironment.org\/news-and-stories\/press-release\/investors-make-unprecedented-commitment-net-zero-emissions
\n26. Rinc\u00f3n-Ruiz, A. et al. Ecosyst. Serv. 36, 100901 (2019).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Khi t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o (NLTT) nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i kinh t\u1ebf h\u1eadu COVID-19 m\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6370,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6369","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tong-hop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6369","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6369"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6369\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6369"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6369"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6369"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}