{"id":6564,"date":"2020-12-10T14:15:29","date_gmt":"2020-12-10T07:15:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/?p=6564"},"modified":"2020-12-10T14:15:29","modified_gmt":"2020-12-10T07:15:29","slug":"da-den-luc-tien-dien-than-di-vao-lich-su","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/da-den-luc-tien-dien-than-di-vao-lich-su\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac ti\u1ec5n \u0111i\u1ec7n than \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-6565\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/10.12.20.1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"421\" \/>Than l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Theo <em>The Economist<\/em>, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i c\u00e1c-bon r\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c xu\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng 0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2060. \u1ede b\u00ean kia b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u, d\u00f9 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Trump \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a M\u1ef9 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi Th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn Paris v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu sau khi th\u00f4ng qua n\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 5 n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 v\u1eeba qua, khi \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng kim T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Trump l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Joe Biden l\u00ean n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n, M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd quay l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi Th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn n\u00e0y. Tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch \u0111ang n\u1ed5i \u0111\u00ecnh n\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1m. Trong th\u00e1ng 12 n\u00e0y, c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec7n Tesla s\u1ebd gia nh\u1eadp nh\u00f3m ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu S&amp;P 500 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 S&amp;P 500 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy t\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 500 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00e0nh l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111ang giao d\u1ecbch c\u00f4ng khai t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 <em>(Theo forbesvietnam).<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd, trong m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec d\u1ec5, l\u00e0m m\u1edbi kh\u00f3, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2009, M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m 34% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 than &#8211; ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. C\u01a1 quan N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0a ra t\u00ednh to\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng than tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, than v\u1eabn hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu trong kho\u1ea3ng 27% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, t\u1eeb \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f2a l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi kh\u00ed ga t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, than l\u00e0 c\u00e1cbon \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 chi\u1ebfm 39% trong t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i CO<sub>2<\/sub> h\u00e0ng n\u0103m ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh, th\u00ec nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ngay l\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u00e0 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Than \u0111\u00e1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. T\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng than cho l\u00f2 nung v\u00e0 n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1930 v\u00e0 lu m\u1edd d\u1ea7n khi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u1eb5n c\u00f3. <strong>G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u201cn\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng v\u1edbi than\u201d<\/strong>. \u1ede Anh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2022. C\u00f4ng ty khai th\u00e1c than l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, Peabody Energy \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 2 trong v\u00f2ng 5 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c-bon \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u00ean \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Trump \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p than c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u00e3i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u201ckim c\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111en\u201d. Tuy v\u1eady, <strong>ng\u00e0nh than c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u201cng\u1ea9ng \u0111\u1ea7u\u201d l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong>. M\u1ed9t l\u00fd do \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh t\u1eeb kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf M\u1ef9 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nung ch\u1ea3y. C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed. Theo nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u BloombergNEF, c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 r\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t cho \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 2\/3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Khi than ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u201c\u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7\u201d s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c h\u01a1n th\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u1ea7n quay l\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a than.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c-bon to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. Trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, than kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u201cl\u00ean ng\u00f4i\u201d \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 t\u0103ng 1\/4. L\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfm 77% t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng than \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Ri\u00eang Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 2\/3 trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Than \u0111\u00e1 chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf quy m\u00f4 trung b\u00ecnh, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh, bao g\u1ed3m Indonesia v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u1ebfu m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi l\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean 2\u00b0C so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i \u201cc\u01a1n th\u00e8m kh\u00e1t\u201d than c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c1 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u00edch. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1edbi v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m. C\u0169ng kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u201cthan s\u1ea1ch\u201d, nh\u1eb1m thu gi\u1eef kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e9p, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Do v\u1eady, <strong>ch\u00e2u \u00c1 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1edbm th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u00f3i quen k\u00ecm h\u00e3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng than<\/strong>. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 d\u1eebng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than m\u1edbi \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m m\u1edbi. Philippines tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1edbi; Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 Bangladesh c\u0169ng \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1eefng l\u1ea1i. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 5 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m t\u1edbi, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng than. Qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y n\u00ean gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7m c\u1eadn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u00ean, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c1 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ecm h\u00e3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 than \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9. Tuy nhi\u00ean h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ra l\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty khai th\u00e1c, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho ng\u00e0nh than t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. L\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf c\u00e1c-bon, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u00edch th\u00edch, do \u0111\u00f3 k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb d\u00e0nh cho than \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o. N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf than \u0111\u00e1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, n\u1ee3, thu thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn V\u00e0nh \u0111ai v\u00e0 Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n. Tr\u00ean to\u00e0n ch\u00e2u \u00c1, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n thu t\u1eeb than, do v\u1eady s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1eef d\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u201cv\u00e0ng \u0111en\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang trong khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2u \u00c1 l\u00e0 <strong>thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u00edch th\u00edch ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c do th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i. L\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng minh qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau. Qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c1 b\u00f3p ngh\u1eb9t c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng do b\u1ecb b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00a0k\u1ebf th\u1eeba v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty than \u00a0li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn cung c\u1ea5p d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n <em>(legacy long-term supply contracts)<\/em> v\u00e0 b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea7n <em>(price caps)<\/em> kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o \u01b0u th\u1ebf cho n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o so v\u1edbi than.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 <strong>b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu kh\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed1n khi m\u1ea5t ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o than<\/strong>. B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n nam x\u1ee9 Wales v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Virginia l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Coal India, \u201cg\u00e3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3\u201d v\u1ec1 khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n than c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 270.000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. T\u1eeb t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n T\u00e2y \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn Jharkhand \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh <em>(fiscal transfers)<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n. Nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cho vay thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t tr\u1eafng kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 1 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng \u201cho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111en\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tru\u1ea5t ng\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng ngo\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c khi ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u0111ang n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y. Than \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2019, m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 than tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda \u1edf M\u1ef9. M\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c1 l\u00e0 \u201cl\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf\u201d c\u1ee7a than \u0111\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ee9c \u00e9p v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7 trong h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n nghi\u00eam t\u00fac ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng than \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, sau t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m s\u1ebd thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh ch\u00e2u \u00c1. Tin m\u1eebng l\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba n\u00e0y \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi hi\u1ec3m nguy nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n, b\u00e3o l\u0169 v\u00e0 m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng cao do bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu g\u00e2y ra. T\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp trung l\u01b0u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng n\u00f3ng l\u00f2ng mu\u1ed1n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ngh\u1eb9t th\u1edf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u1ebd ra m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00fap ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n r\u1ebb h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n ngay t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 d\u00e2n, t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. <strong>S\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh than g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t. C\u00e0ng s\u1edbm k\u00fd g\u1eedi than \u0111\u00e1 cho c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u00ec c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch: Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1ecb Thu Trang, Ban KH&amp;QLKH<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Than l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch &nbsp; Theo The Economist, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i c\u00e1c-bon r\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c xu\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng 0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6565,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tong-hop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6564","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6564"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6564\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6564"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6564"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6564"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}