{"id":7024,"date":"2021-02-15T13:50:59","date_gmt":"2021-02-15T06:50:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/?p=7024"},"modified":"2021-02-15T13:50:59","modified_gmt":"2021-02-15T06:50:59","slug":"du-an-dot-pha-tao-nen-tang-cong-nghe-hat-nhan-the-he-moi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/du-an-dot-pha-tao-nen-tang-cong-nghe-hat-nhan-the-he-moi\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0110\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 – T\u1ea1o n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"

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$\"\"$ M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng neutron nhanh ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. Ngu\u1ed3n: Sputnik<\/em><\/p>\n

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Rosatom – nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00e9p k\u00edn (nuclear fuel cycle) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng neutron nhanh. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y, Rosatom \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft tay th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0110\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 – m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tham v\u1ecdng b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0110\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, khi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Rosatom nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2000 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hai kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng: t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh uranium v\u00e0 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t ngu\u1ed3n uranium trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00e9p k\u00edn, nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng neutron nhanh.<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c Rosatom \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, \u0110\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau qu\u1ed1c gia: C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2010-2020 b\u1edfi n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111em l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf cho Nga tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

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Tr\u00ean trang web d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u00f4ng Vyacheslav Pershukov- Ph\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Rosatom v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Rosatom, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1eb7t ra: \u201cD\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0110\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay s\u1ebd \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i nh\u1edd chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n k\u00edn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n tr\u00ean l\u00f2 t\u00e1i sinh nhanh. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\u201d.<\/p>\n

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B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00e9p k\u00edn \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0ng t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n c\u00f2n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n – Nga l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 v\u00e0i qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n chu tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi M\u1ef9, Canada, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, Rosatom \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n 20 vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Nga c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia Moscow, MIPT v\u00e0 MEPhI, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p mang t\u00ean ODEK t\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng ty li\u00ean h\u1ee3p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Siberia \u1edf Seversk v\u00f9ng Tomsk – m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty con c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n TVEL tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c Rosatom – v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u neutron nhanh MBIR.<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u1ede c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Rosatom th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty m\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch t\u1eebng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u1edfi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 tri\u1ec3n khai tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00e1p quy, v\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i\u2026<\/p>\n

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Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t sinh chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh. V\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, Rosatom \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ed9t chu tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1edbi v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cch\u1ea1y\u201d t\u1ed1t, v\u1eeba t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m R&D m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd: thay v\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty m\u1edbi, h\u1ecd l\u1eadp c\u00e1c Trung t\u00e2m Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m (Responsibility Centres RC).<\/p>\n

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V\u1eady c\u00e1c Trung t\u00e2m Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00ec m\u1edbi? M\u1ed7i trung t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c Rosatom v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m chuy\u00ean gia tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng, vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau R&D ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u uranium-plutonium, t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (SNF), qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c m\u00e3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i Rosatom. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Trung t\u00e2m Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0110\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 (ITCP).<\/p>\n

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$\"\"$ C\u00f4ng ty TVEL th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p cho l\u00f2 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u neutron nhanh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ec. Ngu\u1ed3n: Sputnik<\/em><\/p>\n

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ITCP qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd 9 trung t\u00e2m tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m:<\/p>\n

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1. Trung t\u00e2m Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00e1i x\u1eed l\u00fd SNF v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00f5i v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m cho module t\u00e1i x\u1eed l\u00fd (RM) c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m (PDEC) – ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n an to\u00e0n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u1edf Nga.<\/p>\n

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2. Trung t\u00e2m Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed c\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m cho chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 nh\u1eb1m gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

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3. Trung t\u00e2m t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0110\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f3 v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n v\u1ec1 th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

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4. Trung t\u00e2m ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nitride uranium-plutonium (MNUP), ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o (nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 CM) \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00f4 c\u01a1 Bochvar nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u MNUP, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

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5. Trung t\u00e2m BREST \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i JSC NIKIET – c\u00f4ng ty chuy\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Rosatom, nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n: ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng BREST-OD-300, n\u01a1i tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ec v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00e9p k\u00edn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n v\u1ed1n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

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6. Trung t\u00e2m BN -1200 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i JSC Afrikantov OKBM v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo v\u1edbi l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng neutron nhanh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng mu\u1ed1i BN-1200.<\/p>\n

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7. Trung t\u00e2m M\u00e3 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n An to\u00e0n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m KH Nga) nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c m\u00e3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Nga, c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1ecfng, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u k\u00edn c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0y l\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

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8. Trung t\u00e2m M\u00e3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u V\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c m\u00e3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

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9. Trung t\u00e2m K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf PDEC v\u00e0 IEC ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m (PDEC) v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (IEC).<\/p>\n

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Do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, vi\u1ec7c chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c Trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua m\u1ed9t Kh\u00f4ng gian th\u00f4ng tin chia s\u1ebb (SIS) \u2013 n\u01a1i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c k\u00eanh truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Rosatom.<\/p>\n

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Tr\u00ean trang web c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u00e0y t\u1ecf \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m m\u1edbi n\u00e0y: \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd mang t\u00ednh th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Rosatom \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

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S\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nga<\/strong><\/p>\n

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$\"\"$ L\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng neutron ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020. Ngu\u1ed3n: twitter<\/em><\/p>\n

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M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Rosatom l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0110\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nga trong \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 kinh ph\u00ed v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00ec sao \u0110\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau qu\u1ed1c gia 2010-2020 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 cam k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nga.<\/p>\n

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Tuy nhi\u00ean trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i bao gi\u1edd m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec5n ra d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. N\u01b0\u1edbc Nga trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y g\u1eb7p kh\u00f4ng \u00edt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

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Do \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2017, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u1eadm h\u1eb3n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u201ctin \u0111\u1ed3n\u201d l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u201c\u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng\u201d v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu kinh ph\u00ed. Sang \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 1\/2018, Rosatom m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n ho\u00e3n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n kinh ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Nga ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Putin v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

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Trong bu\u1ed5i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 2\/2018 t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n Kremlin, t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Rosatom Alexey Likhachov – c\u1ef1u Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf Nga, n\u00eau nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn \u201ccu\u1ed9c c\u1ea1nh tranh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t [tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n] v\u00e0 s\u1edbm hay mu\u1ed9n th\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi\u201d.<\/p>\n

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V\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng m\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i do n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Putin \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Rosatom. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p nhau: \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho KH&CN l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

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Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed \u201cEconomics and Fuel of Russia\u201d v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2017, \u00f4ng Evgeny Adamov – gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0110\u1ed9t ph\u00e1, cho r\u1eb1ng: \u201cVi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh ph\u00ed kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00e2u lo th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta trong v\u00e0i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 t\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Nga tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\u201d.<\/p>\n

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T\u1ea1i Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 Nga \u1edf Sochi v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2\/2018, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch c\u00f4ng ty TVEL Natalya Nikipelova th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng BREST-300 n\u0103m 2017 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ng\u00e2n 420 tri\u1ec7u ruble, \u201cn\u0103m nay Rosatom l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u1eeda t\u1ef7 ruble n\u1eefa\u201d.<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u1ebfn nay, sau g\u1ea7n 10 n\u0103m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, \u201ch\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda kh\u00e2u R&D c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh\u201d nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c khoa h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Evgeny Adamov. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec di\u1ec5n ra trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: AEM-Technology, c\u00f4ng ty con c\u1ee7a Atomenergomash – nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 kh\u00ed cho Rosatom, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o xong ph\u1ea7n h\u00e0n ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean th\u00f9ng l\u00f2 BREST-300 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00fang ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020.<\/p>\n

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Thanh Nh\u00e0n<\/strong>\u00a0t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb\u00a0<\/em>http:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-os\/russia-nuclear-power.aspx<\/a>;\u00a0 http:\/\/proryv2020.ru\/en; https:\/\/www.rosatom.ru\/en\/press-centre\/industry-in-media\/russia-reaches-welding-milestone-with-fast-neutron-reactor<\/a>;\u00a0 http:\/\/en.kremlin.ru\/events\/president\/news\/56946<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"