Nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c thi\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee7y n\u0103ng, d\u1ea7u, kh\u00ed \u0111ang d\u1ea7n c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t, ngu\u1ed3n than tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1 h\u01a1n th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng do ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh. V\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111a s\u1ed1 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n
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1. Nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang t\u0103ng nhanh<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f3i chung c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang t\u0103ng nhanh cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 2015 kho\u1ea3ng 70 tri\u1ec7u TOE, n\u0103m 2018 kho\u1ea3ng 80 tri\u1ec7u TOE, t\u0103ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 6 – 7%\/n\u0103m. Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua t\u0103ng nhanh, kho\u1ea3ng 9 – 10%\/n\u0103m.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n N\u0103m 2020, t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n 69.300 MW, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1t 247 t\u1ef7 kWh; v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m 214,3 t\u1ef7 kWh, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi 2.232 kWh. C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh. Hi\u1ec7n nay, quy m\u00f4 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec khu v\u1ef1c ASEAN, th\u1ee9 23 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. N\u1ed9i dung s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p so v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Theo Quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n VII \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh (QH\u0110 VII \u0110C)\u00a0[5]<\/strong>, t\u1ed5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi QH\u0110 VII, tuy \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea3m kho\u1ea3ng 20%, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c: 2020: 265 t\u1ef7; 2025: 400 t\u1ef7; 2030: 575 t\u1ef7 kWh. Trong \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn, tr\u00ean 50% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 25 xu\u1ed1ng 12,4%, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t \u1edf m\u1ee9c 17 – 19%, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng t\u1eeb 6,5 – 6,9% giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2020 – 2025 l\u00ean 10,7% v\u00e0o 2030. Theo D\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o Quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n VIII, v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n c\u01a1 s\u1edf, nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030 v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c 551 t\u1ef7 kWh, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o (NLTT) k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng l\u00ean t\u1edbi t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng 32%.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u1edbi m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o nhu c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t l\u00e0: Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p, ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng kho\u1ea3ng 40% so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 65%; hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, t\u00ednh b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n cho 1 USD GDP, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam cao tr\u00ean ba l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Hai l\u00e0: V\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f2n kh\u00e1 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi thi\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n: Th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea1n, th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u0103ng m\u1edbi kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u201cngu\u1ed3n r\u1ed7i\u201d m\u1edbi t\u00edch n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; than, d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n than, d\u1ea7u… do \u0111\u00f3, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, kh\u00e1ch quan.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u, nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m, nh\u01b0ng x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t, NLTT v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (\u0110HN) c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 cho nhau, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0110HN c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n\u00a0[2]<\/strong>.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 2. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0110HN t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb TW 2 (kh\u00f3a VIII) ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1996. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:\u00a0\u201cChu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed sau n\u0103m 2020\u201d<\/em>. Trong V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i IX, ph\u1ea7n Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2001 – 2010 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5:\u00a0\u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Theo \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n \u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ed5ng quan ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y) ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi B\u1ed9 Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Sau \u0111\u00f3 B\u00e1o c\u00e1o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ec1n kh\u1ea3 thi (Pre-FS) d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110HN t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp t\u1eeb 2002.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 18-NQ\/TW ng\u00e0y 25\/10\/2007 v\u1ec1 Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ebfn 2020 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn 2050, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0110HN Ninh Thu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh TW \u0110\u1ea3ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 9\/2009.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1eeb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh, ng\u00e0y 23\/10\/2009 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 T\u1edd tr\u00ecnh s\u1ed1 15\/TTr-CP tr\u00ecnh Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i xin ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0110HN Ninh Thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111a m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi xu th\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0110HN c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi; Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0. Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u00e1ng 11\/2009.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ngay sau khi Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 18 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai nh\u01b0: Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i th\u00f4ng qua Lu\u1eadt N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed; Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0110HN Ninh Thu\u1eadn; T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c (Li\u00ean bang Nga, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n); X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng B\u00e1o c\u00e1o kh\u1ea3 thi \u0110HN Ninh Thu\u1eadn 1 v\u00e0 2 v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 III+; X\u00e2y d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 thi c\u00f4ng, t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c; X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd; Tri\u1ec3n khai nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt\/c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, an ninh\/an to\u00e0n, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1edbi IAEA v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c\u2026<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Do t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, v\u00ec v\u1eady, t\u1ea1i Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 31\/2016\/QH14 ng\u00e0y 22\/11\/2016 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 cho\u00a0\u201cD\u1eebng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0110HN Ninh Thu\u1eadn\u201d<\/em>. \u0110HN Ninh Thu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ee1 nh\u1ecbp h\u01a1n hai th\u1eadp ni\u00ean!<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 3. \u0110\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 quan t\u00e2m \u0110HN, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea3 thi, c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u00e1 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m. G\u1ea7n 20 n\u0103m kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia Nga, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1ea3 thi, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Dinh v\u00e0 V\u0129nh H\u1ea3i (t\u1ea1i t\u1ec9nh Ninh Thu\u1eadn) t\u1eeb 20 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u1eeba qua, \u1ee6y ban Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec9nh Ninh Thu\u1eadn c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m hai nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0110HN t\u1ea1i Ninh Thu\u1eadn sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111i\u1ec7n NLTT; \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m hai nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0110HN \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0y c\u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng hai nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0110HN c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 4.000 MW, chuy\u1ec3n sang \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n NLTT v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i tr\u0103m MW l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c v\u1ed9i v\u00e3, thi\u1ebfu thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c. Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0110HN th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 gi\u1eef trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m. V\u00ec v\u1eady nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ch\u01b0a n\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 4. Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng Uranium<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ngu\u1ed3n qu\u1eb7ng urani, cho t\u1edbi nay, Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi th\u0103m d\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch khoan, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eadt l\u00fd, m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1eabu c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c t\u1ea5n qu\u1eb7ng, ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh khai th\u00e1c.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng urani c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 200 ng\u00e0n t\u1ea5n U3O8, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea5p C1: 113 t\u1ea5n; c\u1ea5p C2: 16.000 t\u1ea5n. N\u1ebfu t\u00ednh Urani trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n th\u00ec Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, c\u1ea7n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra th\u0103m d\u00f2 b\u1ed5 sung tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 khai th\u00e1c m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu v\u1eady, trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 5. \u0110i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n NLTT kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1m theo quy ho\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (\u0110MT) ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ed3 \u1ea1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0m r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n quy ho\u1ea1ch, t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean g\u1ea7n 17.000 MW v\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u1edd ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t. Tuy t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0110MT v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t 26% t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 4,7% to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0110MT \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Trung kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1ch truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i; c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ea7u nh\u1eb1m l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ed1t, c\u1ea1nh tranh gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1, \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t l\u00e0: Trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u201cT\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d do World Bank gi\u00fap B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n\u00a0[7]<\/strong>, B\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ng\u00e0y 30\/5\/2018 cho th\u1ea5y: C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00edch h\u1ee3p NLTT v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf QH\u0110 VII \u0110C, n\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3m than 10% \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m 25% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng CO2 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u00eam 45 t\u1ef7 USD cho NLTT, \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u00eam 12 t\u1ef7 USD cho c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2035 (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0110HN c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 2.000 MW). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn ngay t\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o: \u0110\u00e2y m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cb\u00e0i t\u1eadp\u201d, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cl\u1eddi nh\u1eafn\u201d g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n VIII t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Hai l\u00e0: D\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0110an M\u1ea1ch: \u201cB\u00e1o c\u00e1o Tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng n\u0103ng Vi\u1ec7t nam 2019 – EOR19\u201d\u00a0[6]<\/strong>, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o ng\u00e0y 4\/11\/2019, t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kh\u00e1 khoa h\u1ecdc, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n, khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng NLTT, l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng minh, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u2026 ch\u1eafc c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ba l\u00e0: \u0110\u1ec1 \u00e1n Quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n VIII \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n NLTT c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng cao, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c, ch\u01b0a gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i NLTT n\u1ed9i v\u00f9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u2026<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i n\u1ec1n – \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh (6.000 – 7.500 gi\u1edd\/n\u0103m), v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than v\u00e0 \u0110HN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ng\u00e0y nay, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n do g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, \u0110HN v\u1ed1n d\u0129 v\u00e0 s\u1ebd thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vai tr\u00f2 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 6. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n [4]<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh tranh kh\u00e1 gay g\u1eaft v\u1ec1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n nay gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh trong xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u do ch\u1ee7 quan c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh ch\u01b0a khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2020, B\u1ed9 N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1ef9 (DOE) c\u00f3 Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nh\u1eb1m l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1ed1 1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Trong \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ed3m ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n, M\u1ef9 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn (th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 III+), nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf AP1.000, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an to\u00e0n th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0: Nga, Ph\u00e1p, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t sau khi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n h\u1eadu Fukushima.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u trong xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0110HN (t\u00ednh theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Nga \u0111ang tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tri\u1ec3n khai \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 7. T\u00ednh lan t\u1ecfa cao c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0110HN. \u0110HN l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao, t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f3 s\u1ebd k\u00e9o theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, c\u01a1 kh\u00ed ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, khoa h\u1ecdc qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng\u2026 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n kh\u00e1c: Y t\u1ebf, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 an ninh qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, M\u1ef9, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9\u2026<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 8. Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Sau s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 Fukushima 11\/3\/2011, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y \u0110HN, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110HN qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u1eefng l\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng do nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u0103ng cao, c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c suy gi\u1ea3m, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0110HN l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao, n\u00ean trong 10 n\u0103m qua s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00f2 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u0110HN v\u1eabn gi\u1eef v\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u00ean nh\u1eb9. Hi\u1ec7n nay th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Sau th\u00e1ng 3\/2011, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng h\u1ebft 54 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, sau \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u1ecd v\u1eabn x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1i kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh 9 l\u00f2 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 s\u1eafp t\u1edbi th\u00eam 3 l\u00f2 n\u1eefa (trong n\u0103m 2021). Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 2018 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kho\u1ea3ng 20 – 22%, NLTT kho\u1ea3ng 22 – 24%. Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n v\u1eabn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0110HN nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng s\u1ef1 trung h\u00f2a c\u00e1c bon, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi zero ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (g\u1ea7n 100 l\u00f2), tuy th\u1eddi gian qua ch\u01b0a ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0110HN, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi, n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1edbi trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, M\u1ef9 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0110HN tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c: Trung Qu\u1ed1c (\u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng 4 l\u00f2), \u0111ang c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch xu\u1ea5t AP1.000 sang \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Anh, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u\u2026 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn. Nh\u01b0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1ef9 v\u1eeba tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1: \u0110HN kh\u00f4ng carbon ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Li\u00ean bang Nga l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 \u0110HN chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 20% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu hai lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 VVER v\u00e0 RBMK – l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm b\u1eb1ng graphit v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4i, \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t sang nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0: Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3, Bangladesh, Ph\u1ea7n Lan, Hungary, Ai C\u1eadp, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung \u00c1\u2026 v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ngh\u00ecn MW\u2026<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110HN qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1ed9n nh\u1ecbp, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110HN c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u chung.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 9. \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau kinh t\u1ebf – k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, tham kh\u1ea3o. T\u01b0 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c D\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o Quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0110i\u1ec7n VIII s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng theo C\u1ea9m nang K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt do C\u1ee5c N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110an M\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb\u00a0[3]<\/strong>.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n (USD\/MW)<\/strong><\/td>\n (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n (gi\u1edd)<\/strong><\/td>\n (n\u0103m)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy v\u1ec1 USD n\u0103m 2016, kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1ee3t gi\u00e1, theo khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a IEA. (\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb: USD\/GJ).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u1edbi d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, n\u00f3i chung gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u t\u0103ng cao, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0110MT l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nhanh, c\u00f2n gi\u00e1 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n r\u1ebb.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0110HN Ninh Thu\u1eadn, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 2.000 MW, d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u00e0 4.000 USD\/kW, nay t\u0103ng 1,5 l\u1ea7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, b\u1edfi \u0110HN \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cao, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ea1y n\u1ec1n tr\u00ean 7.500 gi\u1edd\/n\u0103m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt \u0111\u1ea5t, nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u r\u1ebb, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd g\u1ea5p g\u1ea7n 3 l\u1ea7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 NLTT. Nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i tr\u1ed9i n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh cho to\u00e0n v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u0110HN s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0110HN \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u1edbn, tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean 96 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, GDP n\u0103m 2020 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t 268,4 t\u1ef7 USD v\u00e0 \u0111ang t\u0103ng nhanh. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n g\u1ea5p th\u00ec trong v\u00f2ng 2 – 3 n\u0103m ch\u00fang ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn ch\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3. V\u1eady xin ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o Quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n VIII (giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2021 – 2030, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn 2045) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a Quy ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y.\/.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh:<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n [1]<\/strong>. B\u00f9i Huy Ph\u00f9ng. \u0110i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ng\u00e2n vang, T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 2019.<\/p>\n [2]<\/strong>. B\u00f9i Huy Ph\u00f9ng – \u0110i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o – hai ngu\u1ed3n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 2019.<\/p>\n [3]<\/strong>. D\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o QH\u0110 VIII – Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng, 2021.<\/p>\n [4]<\/strong>. Tr\u1ea7n Ch\u00ed Th\u00e0nh – \u0110i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan Vi\u1ec7t Nam, T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 9\/2020.<\/p>\n [5]<\/strong>. QH\u0110 VII \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh, 2016.<\/p>\n [6]<\/strong>. BC Tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam 2019-ERO19 – D\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0110an m\u1ea1ch, 2019.<\/p>\n [7]<\/strong>. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, th\u00e1ng 5\/2018, T\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau NLTT v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, D\u1ef1 \u00e1n World Bank h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n PGS, TS. B\u00f9i Huy Ph\u00f9ng – H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa h\u1ecdc T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c thi\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee7y n\u0103ng, d\u1ea7u, kh\u00ed \u0111ang d\u1ea7n c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t, ngu\u1ed3n than tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1 h\u01a1n th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng do ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh. V\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e1c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7645,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7644","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tong-hop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7644","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7644"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7644\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7644"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7644"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n\n
\n Lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/strong><\/td>\n N\u0103m v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/td>\n \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/p>\n S\u1ed1 gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c\/n\u0103m<\/strong><\/p>\n Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd<\/strong><\/p>\n \n \u0110i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/td>\n 2030-45<\/td>\n 5950<\/td>\n 33<\/td>\n 7500<\/td>\n 50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than (si\u00eau t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n)<\/td>\n 2025-45<\/td>\n 1800<\/td>\n 38-39<\/td>\n 6500<\/td>\n 30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than c\u00f3 gi\u1eef CO2<\/td>\n 2030-45<\/td>\n 5340<\/td>\n 36<\/td>\n 6500<\/td>\n 30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n TBCTKH kh\u00ed-h\u01a1i<\/td>\n 2020-45<\/td>\n 850-930<\/td>\n 58<\/td>\n 6000<\/td>\n 25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u0110i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3<\/td>\n 2025-45<\/td>\n 1600-1800<\/td>\n –<\/td>\n 2000<\/td>\n 25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u0110i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u1edbn<\/td>\n 2020-45<\/td>\n 800-900<\/td>\n –<\/td>\n 1500<\/td>\n 25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \n\n
\n Nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/td>\n 2020<\/strong><\/td>\n 2030<\/strong><\/td>\n 2045-50<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/td>\n 1.0<\/td>\n 1.0<\/td>\n 1.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Than n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba<\/td>\n 3.35<\/td>\n 3.51<\/td>\n 3,63<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Than nh\u1eadp<\/td>\n 3.54<\/td>\n 3.90<\/td>\n 4.02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Kh\u00ed \u0110N b\u1ed9<\/td>\n 7.53<\/td>\n 10.73<\/td>\n 10.82<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n D\u1ea7u FO<\/td>\n 8.60<\/td>\n 13.08<\/td>\n 15.25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n LNG<\/td>\n 9.84<\/td>\n 11.17<\/td>\n 11.26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n