{"id":8470,"date":"2021-11-26T15:34:46","date_gmt":"2021-11-26T08:34:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/?p=8470"},"modified":"2021-11-26T15:34:46","modified_gmt":"2021-11-26T08:34:46","slug":"cau-truc-alpha-cluster-trong-hat-nhan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/cau-truc-alpha-cluster-trong-hat-nhan\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac alpha cluster trong h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1eabu v\u1ecf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c proton v\u00e0 neutron \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo l\u1edbp t\u1eeb trong ra ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nh\u1eb9 v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1ecf, m\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c proton v\u00e0 neutron li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m alpha trong h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee5m alpha (alpha cluster). C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i alpha cluster c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trung gian c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t alpha t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n: nh\u01b0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ba h\u1ea1t alpha t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh <sup>12<\/sup>C qua tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cluster (0<sup>+<\/sup> \u1edf 7.65 MeV), hay c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p <em>n\u03b1<\/em> kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh <sup>16<\/sup>O, <sup>20<\/sup>Ne\u2026 Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p <em>n\u03b1<\/em> qua c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cluster gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao <sup>16<\/sup>O v\u00e0 <sup>12<\/sup>C c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 ba v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 (ch\u1ec9 sau proton v\u00e0 heli). Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u0169ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong chu tr\u00ecnh CNO \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ea1t \u03b1 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i sao b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh chu\u1ed7i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p <em>pp <\/em>tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-8471\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/26.11.21.6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"582\" height=\"955\" \/>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac alpha cluster c\u1ee7a <sup>12<\/sup>C \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i k\u00edch th\u00edch 7.65 MeV g\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 alpha (ngu\u1ed3n: https:\/\/physics.aps.org\/articles\/v4\/94)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cluster tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y g\u1eb7p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Trong khi th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng ng\u1eafn c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cluster kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadn s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u, th\u00ec c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1eeb m\u1eabu v\u1ecf th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c h\u1ea1t boson v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft h\u00e0m s\u00f3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t \u03b1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft nhau. C\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu cluster n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng, th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng \u2026 Ng\u00e0y nay, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gia t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ghi nh\u1eadn h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n d\u1ea3i cao cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n b\u1ee9c tranh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean c\u00e1c sao.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-8472\" src=\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/26.11.21.7.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"856\" height=\"565\" \/><em>H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh minh h\u1ecda qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t alpha t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n <sup>12<\/sup>C v\u00e0o h\u1ea1t alpha t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh hai h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n <sup>8<\/sup>Be.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u0103m 2020, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thu\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac cluster th\u00f4ng qua ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t \u03b1 trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng <sup>12<\/sup>C(\u03b1,<sup> 8<\/sup>Be)<sup> 8<\/sup>Be trong h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n <sup>12<\/sup>C v\u00e0 <sup>8<\/sup>Be. Trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin h\u00e0m s\u00f3ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft vi m\u00f4 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m qua \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eeba ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu vi m\u00f4, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng v\u1eeba cho ta th\u1ea5y b\u1ee9c tranh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n <sup>8<\/sup>Be +<sup> 8<\/sup>Be si\u00eau bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, li\u00ean k\u1ebft y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng ng\u1eafn. T\u1eeb t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u03b1-\u03b1 th\u1ef1c (\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft r\u00f5), nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh li\u00ean k\u00eanh t\u00e1n l\u00ean c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (CDCC b\u1ed1n h\u1ea1t) \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00e0m s\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u \u03b1 v\u1edbi nhau. Chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Physical Review C:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.aps.org\/prc\/abstract\/10.1103\/PhysRevC.102.024622\">https:\/\/journals.aps.org\/prc\/abstract\/10.1103\/PhysRevC.102.024622<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u0110\u1ed7 C\u00f4ng C\u01b0\u01a1ng,\u00a0Trung t\u00e2m V\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1eabu v\u1ecf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c proton v\u00e0 neutron \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo l\u1edbp t\u1eeb trong ra ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nh\u1eb9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8471,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8470","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-hoat-dong-cua-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8470","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8470"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8470\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8470"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8470"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8470"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}