![\"\"](\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/07.1.22.1.jpg\")
T\u1ed5 m\u00e1y s\u1ed1 5, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Tianwan, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Li\u00ean V\u00e2n C\u1ea3ng, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, th\u00e1ng 8\/2020.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn d\u00e0i tr\u00ean l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn trung h\u00f2a c\u00e1c-bon, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n
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Nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 cam k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i r\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng 0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2060, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111ang th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cam k\u1ebft ng\u1eebng t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y than \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, hay t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, m\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a<\/strong> Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u1eb1m \u1edf k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng 150 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi trong v\u00f2ng 15 n\u0103m t\u1edbi<\/strong>.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed9t d\u1ea1. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 tan ch\u1ea3y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 \u1edf Chernobyl v\u00e0 Fukushima \u0111\u00e3 che l\u1ea5p \u0111i nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 than \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft kho\u1ea3ng 350 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i terrawatt \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o ra.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c \u1ea5y v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y. N\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111ang ti\u00ean phong s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u201cTh\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 4\u201d, h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cl\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1 cu\u1ed9i\u201d (pebble bed reactor-PBR),<\/em> trong \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdc b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u than ch\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n ph\u00e2n h\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1 cu\u1ed9i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb tan ch\u1ea3y. H\u00f4m th\u1ee9 Ba, 21\/12\/2021, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i PBR th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 4 v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t l\u00f2 kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u t\u1eebng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, v\u1ed1n h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cr\u1ebb nh\u01b0 b\u00e8o\u201d (“too cheap to meter\u201d). Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh cao v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 70, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Three Mile Island c\u1ee7a Pennsylvania n\u0103m 1979 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00fat c\u1ea1n d\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng h\u0103ng h\u00e1i, s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y. 7 n\u0103m sau, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 Chernobyl \u1edf Li\u00ean X\u00f4 khi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft b\u1ecb thui ch\u1ed9t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.\u00a0Hai th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 sau \u0111\u00f3, khi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy \u0111i t\u00ednh l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u00e1c c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, th\u00ec Fukushima v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2011 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00fa gi\u00e1ng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m h\u1ebft cho t\u1ea5t th\u1ea3y m\u1ecdi suy ngh\u0129 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb sau Fukushima, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u00e3 quen thu\u1ed9c t\u1eeb l\u00e2u. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c-bon, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn gay g\u1eaft xem l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 hay kh\u00f4ng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng 5 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng 76% ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed<\/strong>, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 cao nh\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc Fukushima.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng Armond Cohen, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m Kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n S\u1ea1ch cho bi\u1ebft, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1eed c\u00e1c-bon trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3. \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 [\u1ee7ng h\u1ed9] h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3u cu\u1ed3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n S\u1ef1 b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i k\u00e9p. C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Hoa th\u1ea3i ra g\u1ea7n 1\/3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c-bon tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng than nhi\u1ec1u g\u1ea5p 6 l\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. N\u1ebfu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh tinh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i. M\u1ed9t k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u1eefa s\u1ebd l\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb, an to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0a ra tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c-bon, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t \u00edt ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ea1ch ra l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00edch.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh, M\u1ef9 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u1ed1i \u0111i ri\u00eang, tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/strong> V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4, Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n Indian Point \u1edf New York \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. California d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda 2 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2025, n\u01a1i t\u1ea1o ra 15% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1c-bon. Thu nh\u1ecf c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi gia t\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c gi\u00f3 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng hy v\u1ecdng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean h\u01a1n. Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a S&P, New York s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a cao h\u01a1n 30% trong th\u00e1ng 11 so v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng k\u1ef3 n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i , do nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Indian Point b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Chi ph\u00ed l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed tr\u1edf n\u00ean suy y\u1ebfu \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng quy k\u1ebft cho \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3m h\u1ecda, tai \u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1eebng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1eaft. M\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 cho 2 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng qu\u00e1 h\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf Georgia c\u00f3 v\u1ebb s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 27 t\u1ef7 USD.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng Jacopo Buongiorno, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 khoa h\u1ecdc h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Massachusetts ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1i c\u1edb khi\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed t\u0103ng cao<\/strong>. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, l\u00e0m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00ean \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. Th\u1ee9 hai, sau s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 Chernobyl, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u1edf M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng trong 20 n\u0103m. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng th\u1eddi gian khi\u1ebfn cho b\u00ed quy\u1ebft v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb mai m\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng cho bi\u1ebft, \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, c\u00f4ng ty thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. C\u00f2n \u1edf M\u1ef9, \u201cch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 m\u00f4-\u0111un, r\u1ed3i n\u00e9m ch\u00fang cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00e1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ea3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. N\u1ebfu hai b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c v\u1edbi nhau ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u1edf M\u1ef9 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/strong>, r\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 t\u01a1 v\u00f2 trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb sau Chernobyl. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 70: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c bang kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u an to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau, l\u00e0m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng Cohen n\u00f3i: \u201cH\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd khi ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 27 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi?\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u00ecn sang ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e1y bay nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u00f3a. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 Boeing v\u00e0 Airbus ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1y bay. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh. T\u00ecm ra l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao 1.000 m\u00e1y bay g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft 20 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean 20 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng cho r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ebfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y r\u1ebb h\u01a1n, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, th\u00ec h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn n\u00f3.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai xanh<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Tham v\u1ecdng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i trong bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh l\u00e0 S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u00a0\u201cV\u00e0nh \u0111ai v\u00e0 Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea7u, s\u00e2n bay v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng kh\u00e1c \u1edf kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. N\u1ebfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 c\u1ea1nh tranh, th\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u sang ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u201ckh\u00e1t\u201d n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 Pakistan v\u00e0 Bangladesh. M\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ea5p cao c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c cho bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng hy v\u1ecdng Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng 30 l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng Sha Yu, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, cho bi\u1ebft \u201cTrung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o than \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, v\u00ec v\u1eady giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.\u201d <\/em>Yu k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong ba th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 t\u1edbi, t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 4% hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00ean t\u1eeb 15% \u0111\u1ebfn 25% v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 2050.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y M\u1ef9 h\u1ed3i sinh m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo. X-Energy c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1 cu\u1ed9i v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2027 v\u00e0 TerraPower do Bill Gates h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y. Th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc NuScale \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u00f4-\u0111un nh\u1ecf \u1edf Romania.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 bao nhi\u00eau. D\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng mang t\u00ednh b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Joe Biden s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi 10 t\u1ef7 USD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 3,2 t\u1ef7 USD cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 4. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra trong lu\u1eadt Build Back Better c\u1ee7a Biden, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u h\u1ecfi ch\u1ea5m.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00d4ng Buongiorno c\u1ee7a MIT cho hay, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Biden l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c-bon v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030. Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y qu\u00e1 to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n D\u00f9 sao th\u00ec, \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u0169ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi r\u1ed3i, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch: Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1ecb Thu Trang, Ban KH&QLKH<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. T\u1ed5 m\u00e1y s\u1ed1 5, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Tianwan, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Li\u00ean V\u00e2n C\u1ea3ng, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, th\u00e1ng 8\/2020. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn d\u00e0i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8687,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8685","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tong-hop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8685","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8685"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8685\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8685"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8685"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8685"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/vinatom.gov.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/07.1.22.2.jpg\")
Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Diablo Canyon c\u1ee7a PG&E \u1edf B\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n Avila, California, n\u0103m 2012. Bloomberg\/CNET<\/em><\/p>\n